High levels of omega-3 and omega-6 could protect against cancer

Research from the University of Georgia has revealed that omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, commonly known as “healthy fats,” could play a key role in cancer prevention. This finding, published in the International Journal of Cancer, provides additional scientific support for the benefits of these essential fatty acids, traditionally valued for their properties to lower cholesterol, improve mental health and protect the brain. Researchers analyzed data from more than 250,000 people and found that high levels of omega-3 and omega-6 are associated with a lower incidence of several types of cancer, including some of the most aggressive ones.

The study, led by Yuchen Zhang, a doctoral student at the University of Georgia School of Public Health, is one of the largest analyzes to date to evaluate the effects of fatty acids on cancer risk in the general population. . The data came from a British database, where participants were followed for more than a decade. About 30,000 of the participants developed some type of cancer during this period, allowing scientists to observe specific patterns between diet and the appearance of different types of cancer. Zhang emphasized that while factors such as body mass index, alcohol consumption and physical activity affect overall health, the benefits of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in cancer prevention have been observed independent of these additional risk factors.

Analysis of the data showed that people with higher levels of omega-3s were less likely to develop colon, stomach and lung cancer, as well as other cancers of the digestive system. Omega-6, for its part, was associated with a lower incidence in at least 14 types of cancer, including brain cancer, malignant melanoma and bladder cancer. However, the benefits of these fatty acids are not limited to cancer prevention; Omega-3 and Omega-6 are already recommended for their ability to reduce cholesterol levels and support cardiovascular function, in addition to their cognitive benefits.

Kaixiong Ye, associate professor at UGA’s Franklin College of Arts and Sciences and corresponding author of the study, noted that benefits may vary by demographic group. In the case of women and young people, high levels of omega-6 showed more marked preventive effects. This finding highlights the importance of adapting the consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 according to the profile of each individual. Ye noted that, particularly for women, consuming more omega-3s could be a clear recommendation, given the overall protective effect that was observed.

One of the most common sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet are fatty fish, nuts and some vegetable oils such as canola. However, American diets are often deficient in these foods, so many people turn to fish oil supplements. These supplements, among the best-selling on the market, are widely promoted as an easy way to increase omega-3 and omega-6 levels. However, researchers advise caution in its consumption. In the study, they noted that although high levels of omega-3 have a protective effect against many types of cancer, there may also be a slight increase in the risk of prostate cancer, particularly in men. This finding suggests that omega-3 supplementation should be personalized and monitored.

Although previous studies have suggested a link between fatty acids and cancer risk, they have been inconclusive about whether omega-3 and omega-6 actually decrease cancer rates or increase survival after a diagnosis. This study provides evidence that both omega-3 and omega-6 can have a significant preventive effect and reinforces the need to consume these nutrients in a balanced way. The research team highlights that, while the consumption of supplements can help achieve optimal levels, the ideal approach would be to incorporate these fatty acids through natural sources. In light of these findings, experts urge people to prioritize eating foods rich in omega-3 and omega-6. Incorporating foods such as salmon, sardines, walnuts and flax seeds into your diet could be an effective way to reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer. Furthermore, this approach to obtaining nutrients from food is consistent with other public health recommendations that advocate consuming natural foods rather than relying on supplements. Research from the University of Georgia invites us to reflect on eating habits and highlights the importance of a balanced diet rich in healthy fatty acids.

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