Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of mental problems that begin in childhood. Some of them are intellectual deficits, learning disorders, attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity, autism spectrum disorders and language disorders.
Language development disorders
In language development disorders, children have difficulties speaking or understanding spoken language.
In general, early detection allows a more timely action, which generates great benefits to the rehabilitation processes in children who suffer from it.
Within the group of language disorders , is described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 ), social communication, a diagnosis that must be differentiated from disorders of the autism spectrum .
Social communication disorder
In cases of social communication disorder, people have deficiencies in how they use communication. They are not effective enough to share information and have difficulty with the social use of verbal and non-verbal expression of communication.
It is difficult for these patients to understand non-verbal codes, it is difficult for them to adjust communication, to adapt to what the listener needs.
They do not make, in an adequate way, the changes that we must make in our verbal and non-verbal language, so that it corresponds, not only to the context in which it occurs, but also to the interlocutor who receives it.
An example of the above would be: not speaking appropriately in a group or classroom, at work, with a child or adult, with an authority figure or with a person from another culture.
It is frequent that these people do not understand the double meaning, the metaphors, the meaning of the phrases according to the context, so the interpretation of the language tends to be literal.
They find it difficult to use non-verbal resources to regulate the meaning of sentences and exchange when talking. For example: he does not respect turns when speaking, he cannot recognize and express himself in another way, when he detects that his interlocutor is not understanding.
These difficulties generate an impact on assertive communication and affect the performance in the different contexts in which the person must function, thus limiting communication and socialization.